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| MaltaWildPlants.com by Stephen Mifsud |
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Verbena officinalis (Common Verbena) |
Verbena officinalis (VERBENACEAE.)
Images for this profile are taken from the Maltese Islands at or after year 2000. |
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| Nomenclature and Basic Information |
Species name : |
Verbena officinalis L.
Published in L., Sp. Pl. 20 (1753) | Synonyms :
(basionym or principal syn.) |
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Plant Family : | Verbenaceae
Jaume St.-Hil (The Vervain Family)
5 species from the Verbenaceae family are recorded from the Maltese Islands. | English name(s) : | Common Verbena, Vervain, Herb-of-the-cross | Maltese name(s) : | Buqexrem | Status for Malta : | Indigenous. Present on the Maltese islands before man | Frequency : | Very Common
Common Frequent Scarce Rare
Very rare Extinct
| Growth form : |
Raunkiaer lifeform [info]: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (prostate plants with flowers close to the ground)
Germination [info]: Dicotyledon | Legal Protection [link]: | Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) | Red List (1989) : | Not listed in the Red Data Book of the Maltese Islands | Flowering Time : | Apr-Dec | Colour of Flowers: | Blue or Violet |
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| Species Description and Distribution |
Habitat in Europe: |
Data will be available in the next update of this website. |
Preferred habitat in Malta: |
Data will be available in the next update of this website. |
Botanical Description: |
Perennial; stems 30-60(100) cm, erect, quadrangular, longitudinally ribbed, scabrid on the angles and diffusely branched. Leaves more or less rhombic, strigulose, the lower 4-6 x 2-4 cm, petiolate, deeply incised, lyrate to 1- to 2-pinnatifid, the upper smaller, sessile and subentire or entire. Spikes 10-25 cm in fruit, terminal, long pedunculate, solitary or in a very lax panicle; bracts ovate-acuminate, ciliate, up to half as long as calyx; corolla pale pink, twice as long as the calyx. Nutlets 1.5-2 mm, reddish-brown, with 4 to 5 longitudinal ribs on the back. |
Chromosome number: |
2n=14 |
Distributional range: |
Europe, northwards to c. 54° N. naturalized or casual further north. |
Distributional map in Europe
and the Mediterranean region (2018):
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Occurrences in Europe.
(from Flora Europaea pre year 1993): |
All except Faroe Islands, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia and former USSR, N B Svalbard archipelago, Sweden, doubtfully native in Denmark |
Occurrences in Europe and the Mediterranean region.
(Euro+Med Checklist, 2017) -
Country codes |
AE(G) Ag Al Au Be Bl Br Bt Bu By Co Cr Cy Cz Da Eg Ga Ge Gr Hb He Ho Hs Hu It Ju Li Lu Ma Po Rf(C E N NW S) Rm Sa Si Tn Tu(E) Uk(K U) [Az Ca Md] |
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Use this form to submit more information on this species or report mistakes in this webpage. If information supplied is taken from a book, journal or website, please provide the corresponding reference or website address. Your email address is only for internal communication. Please report only Maltese locations for plants that indicated as rare or very rare (refer to the Nomenclature section). Please do report mistakes, broken links, technical errors, silly typing / grammar errors, misidentifications or taxonomical updates; this will help to improve the website's accuracy. Thanks you! Fill any of the three sections (A/B/C) below and kindly submit the form. * = required fields.
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